Abstracts (20)
Bone Remodelling in Relation to Porous-Coated Titanium Alloy Dental Implants
D.A. Deporter, R.M. Pilliar, P.A. Watson, M. Pharoah, H. Vaillancourt and N. Valiquette
J Japanese Soc Oral Impl 1992;5:113-120
In this investigation the patterns of bone remodelling around 3 designs of endosseous dental implants were studied using standardized, sequential radiographs. All 3 designs had a truncated conical shape, were fabricated from Ti-6 A1-4V and had a porous coat of beads of the same alloy. They differed in that one design included a porous coat over its entire periphery (fully porous-coated-FPC), while the other two were only partially porous-coated. One of these two had a machined alloy surface on its coronal third (PPC) while the other (PPC-HA) had a plasma-sprayed coat of hydroxyapatite in this region.
The results showed that no crestal bone loss occurred with the FPC implants over an 8-month functional period, unless the porous coat had become contaminated with dental plaque at the re-entry stage resulting in peri-implant infection. With both PPC designs the crestal bone remodelled with time in function until it reached a point just coronal to the machined surface (or HA coat) -to-porous coat junction after which it became stable. No statistically significant difference in crestal bone loss between the two PPC designs could be detected using radiographic analysis, although earlier histological analysis of the same implants did reveal a small but significant difference, with less crestal bone loss occurring with the PPC-HA design.
It is concluded that a porous coat of beads of Ti-6A1-4V provides an effective means of stress transfer from implant to bone around endosseous dental implants with a truncated conical shape. Furthermore, bone remodelling around such implants can be controlled by altering the extent of porous coating and possibly by the addition of hydroxyapatite to selected regions of the implant surface.
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